Phase Jump Response of Grid-Forming Converters: Definition, Classification, and Mitigation
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Grid-forming (GFM) converters could misinterpret phase jumps as rms voltage or frequency variations, leading to misbehavior in phase jump response. This paper reveals that the transient response of GFM converters during phase jumps can be classified into three typical modes, i.e., fast recovery, slow recovery, and loss of synchronism, which can be determined by two operational boundaries. The first operational boundary is correlated to the relationship between the actual phase jump angle and the critical value (namely the phase displacement between the normal operating point and the unstable equilibrium point). The second operational boundary is determined by damping and inertia settings, of which the most conservative case can be captured by the Equal Area Criterion. Stability analysis provides valuable guidance for formulating grid specifications and testing requirements related to the phase jump response of GFM converters. Furthermore, this paper discusses strategies to prevent loss of grid synchronism and achieve fast recovery following phase jumps by employing mitigation solutions based on phase jump-sensitive electrical parameters. Theoretical analysis and mitigation methods are experimentally verified in a GFM converter system under different phase jump scenarios.
Institutions: UNSW Sydney, ShanghaiTech University, Aalborg University
Language: English
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7151498542