Work

Robust Image Encryption Exploiting 2D Hyper-Chaos, Fractal Sierpiński Carpet Confusion, and Cascaded Diffusion

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: With the rapid growth of digital image transmission, ensuring data security has become increasingly important. However, existing chaos-based image encryption algorithms often suffer from insufficient chaotic randomness and weak integration between chaotic dynamics and encryption mechanisms. To address these issues, a novel image encryption scheme based on a two-dimensional hyperbolic–exponential Sine–Logistic map (2D-HESLM) is proposed. A Sierpiński carpet-inspired scrambling strategy and a cascaded diffusion mechanism are designed to enhance permutation and diffusion performance based on the 2D-HESLM. The experimental results show that the information entropy value is 7.9980, while NPCR and UACI are approximately averaged 99.6147% and 33.4672%, respectively, with correlation coefficients close to zero. These results demonstrate the effectiveness and security of the proposed scheme.

Source: Symmetry

DOI: 10.3390/sym18040643

Authors: Zeyu Zhang, Wenqiang Zhang, Mingxu Wang, Na Ren, Peizhen Zhang, Yiting Lin

Institutions: Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan Institute

Language: English

Topic: Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption

Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Field: Computer Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,896

OpenAlex ID: W7153303698

FWCI: 6.433

Cites: 41

Cited by: 2

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