Work

Single Cu Atom Sites on Co 3 O 4 Activate Interfacial Oxygen for Enhanced Reactivity and Selective Gas Sensing at Low Temperature

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: ABSTRACT Controlling the redox landscape of transition metal oxides is central to advancing their reactivity for heterogeneous catalysis or high‐performance gas sensing. Here, we report single Cu atom sites (1.42 wt.%) anchored on Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles (Cu 1 ‐Co 3 O 4 ) that dramatically enhance reactivity and molecular sensing properties of the support at low temperature. The Cu 1 are identified by x‐ray absorption near edge structure and feature metal–support interaction between the atomically dispersed Cu (mostly in 2+ oxidation state) and Co 3 O 4 , as revealed by x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The ability of Cu 1 to form interfacial Cu–O–Co linkages strongly reduces the temperature of lattice oxygen activation compared to CuO nanoparticles on Co 3 O 4 (CuO NP ‐Co 3 O 4 ), as demonstrated by temperature‐programmed reduction and desorption analyses, in agreement with density functional theory calculations. To demonstrate practical impact, we deploy Cu 1 ‐Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles as a chemoresistive sensor for formaldehyde that yields more than an order of magnitude higher response than CuO NP ‐Co 3 O 4 and consistently outperforms state‐of‐the‐art sensors. Formaldehyde is detected down to 5 parts‐per‐billion at 50% relative humidity and 75°C with excellent selectivity over critical interferents. These results establish a strategy for activating redox‐active supports using single‐atom isolates of non‐noble nature, yielding drastically enhanced and well‐defined reactivity to promote low‐temperature oxidation reactions and selective analyte sensing.

Source: Small

DOI: 10.1002/smll.202600033