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A case series: Four cases of urothelial carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Urothelial carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation (UCSD) is a rare and highly aggressive variant of urothelial carcinoma associated with poor prognosis. UCSD originating in the upper urinary tract is extremely uncommon, and its variable morphological presentation, along with the lack of established treatment guidelines, often poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. We herein report four cases of upper tract UCSD treated with radical nephroureterectomy. All tumors exhibited varying proportions (40%-90%) of sarcomatoid components with diverse histological patterns. Postoperatively, patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. Through this case report and review of the relevant literature, we aim to enhance the understanding of this rare entity and contribute to the discussion on optimal treatment strategies for upper tract UCSD.

Source: Frontiers in Oncology

DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1782041

Authors: Haosong Ma, Quanlv Xu, Guorun Zi, Donglin He, Changxing Ke

Institutions: Kunming Medical University, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College

Language: English

Topic: Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments

Subfield: Surgery

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,801