Work

Simulation-based mastery learning for nasolacrimal duct probing in ophthalmology residency: a prospective pre–post educational study

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Nasolacrimal duct probing is traditionally taught through supervised practice on pediatric patients; however, limited case availability and ethical concerns restrict training opportunities. Simulation-based mastery learning (SBML) offers a structured alternative. We developed a multifaceted probing simulation (MPS) incorporating SBML principles for ophthalmology resident training. METHODS: This prospective pre–post interventional study evaluated feasibility (process outcomes) and preliminary educational outcomes of the MPS program. Twenty ophthalmology residents at a university in Thailand participated. Training included a video tutorial, MCQ assessment with feedback, and supervised simulation-based practice. Feasibility outcomes included implementation, completion rate, and usability (User Experience Questionnaire; UEQ). Educational outcomes included changes in procedural performance (rubric scores), procedure time, and self-reported confidence. RESULTS: All participants completed the training program, supporting feasibility of implementation. The simulation demonstrated high usability across all UEQ domains, with attractiveness rated highest, and excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.91). Median procedural performance scores improved from 16 (IQR 13.5–19) to 26.5 (IQR 24–29.5), while mean procedure time decreased from 3.45 ± 1.32 to 1.53 ± 0.42 min (p < 0.001). Confidence levels increased progressively throughout training. CONCLUSIONS: The MPS program appears feasible and acceptable for integration into ophthalmology residency training. Improvements in procedural performance, efficiency, and confidence were observed immediately after training, indicating short-term benefits; however, these findings are preliminary. Long-term retention and transfer to clinical practice were not assessed. Further controlled studies are required to determine effectiveness and clinical impact. TRIAL REGISTRATION: thaiclinicaltrials.org, TCTR20230314004, Registration date: 1 March 2023.

Source: BMC Medical Education

DOI: 10.1186/s12909-026-09213-8

Authors: Saralee Theerakulpisut, Supaporn Tengtrisorn, Penny Singha, Narisa Rattanalert

Institution: Prince of Songkla University

Language: English

Topic: Surgical Simulation and Training

Subfield: Surgery

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDGs: Quality education, Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,990