Work

Unified Microscopic Interpretation of Phase Changes and Extreme Plasma

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: This paper is a special study of the Photon-Thermal Unified Particle Model. It provides a unified microscopic explanation for phase transitions of matter, anomalous expansion of water at 0–4 °C, plasma formation, and specific heat capacity differences among various substances, all based on the concentration and Coulomb field confinement of photon-thermal particles.

Source: Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19624577

Author: zhang, qin

Language: English

Topic: Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics

Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

Field: Physics and Astronomy

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: green

OpenAlex ID: W7154741993

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