Work

A systematic review of barriers and facilitators to voluntary counselling and testing for HIV among young people in Ghana

Year: 2026

Type: review

Abstract: HIV testing uptake among young people in Ghana remains low despite increased awareness. Existing evidence on factors influencing voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) is scattered. This review synthesises key barriers and facilitators to inform targeted prevention strategies. Aromataris and Pearson’s framework and PRISMA guidelines guided the review. Studies published between 2000 and November 2025 were sourced from major databases and grey literature. Eligible studies examined determinants of VCT among young people in Ghana, and quality was assessed using standard appraisal tools. Eight studies met inclusion criteria. Barriers included fear and stigma, low perceived risk, social discouragement, and service-level constraints. Facilitators included accessible and youth-friendly services, personal motivation, supportive social networks, community and faith-based engagement, confidence in care, and protective sexual behaviours. Four studies had low risk of bias and four had moderate risk. VCT uptake among Ghanaian youth is shaped by psychosocial, social, and structural factors. Enhancing youth-friendly services, strengthening social support, and improving risk perception can improve HIV testing uptake.

Source: Discover Public Health

DOI: 10.1186/s12982-026-01950-x

Authors: Christiana Asiedu, Bernard Nabe, Godswill Sedinam Lanyo, Yvonne Yawa Battanis, Emmanuella Florence Odi Asiedu

Institution: University of Cape Coast

Language: English

Topic: Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health

Subfield: General Health Professions

Field: Health Professions

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W7154995681