Work

Swastika in the Polish Parliament

Year: 2026

Type: preprint

Abstract: In a recent incident in the Polish Parliament, an extreme right-wing MP, Konrad Berkowicz, displayed a modified Israeli flag bearing a swastika in place of the Star of David while accusing Israel of committing genocide. The ECHR protects severe criticism of governments, allegations of international crimes, and speech that “shocks, offends or disturbs”. Yet the question is whether the use of a Nazi symbol remains protected political expression in a constitutional order shaped by the legacy of Nazism and the Holocaust. In our view, it does not.

DOI: 10.59704/3f931ec9949b3cef

Authors: Dominika Bychawska-Siniarska, Aleksandra Gliszczyńska-Grabias

Institutions: University of Gdańsk, Polish Academy of Sciences

Language: English

Topic: Polish Historical and Cultural Studies

Subfield: Political Science and International Relations

Field: Social Sciences

Domain: Social Sciences

SDG: Peace, justice, and strong institutions

Open Access status: gold

OpenAlex ID: W7155192073

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