Profile of Emotional Intelligence, Quality Management, and Competence of Principals in Sarawak
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: This study examines the profile of emotional intelligence, quality management, and competence of principals in Sarawak. The sample used 152 principals from all types of schools. data was collected using questionnaires developed from the Malaysian Emotional Intelligence Inventory (MEQI) and Malaysian Competitiveness Standards (SKKSM). The analysis technique used is Mann Whitney U for gender and Kruskal Wallis-H for age and experience. The test results found that gender is significantly related to emotional intelligence (z = 0.043, p < .05) and competence (z = 0.025, p < .05) but does not have a significant relationship with quality management (z = 0.200, p > .05). In addition, the findings also show that different ages have a significant difference in terms of quality management (χ2= 10.072, p < .05), but there is no significant difference in emotional intelligence (χ2 = 6.997, p > .05), and competence (χ2= 3.571, p > .05). For the experience of students, the findings of the study show that different periods of experience for chi square (5, N = 152) do not have a significant level of difference in terms of emotional intelligence (χ2= 3.957, p > .05), quality management (χ2 = 2.507 p > .05), and leadership competence (χ2= 2.590 p > .05). In conclusion, it can be concluded that there is a difference in the level of emotional intelligence and competence for gender, but there is no difference in quality management. In addition, different ages have different levels in terms of quality management but do not have different levels in terms of emotional intelligence and competence. Based on experience, different periods of experience do not have different levels of emotional intelligence, quality management, and leadership competence.
Institution: University of Malaya
Language: English
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
SDG: Quality education
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7155194495
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