Evaluation of The Biodiesel and Bioethanol Potential of Hindakia tetrachotoma Grown in Wastewater Including Various Nitrogen Sources
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Microalgae can be used in many areas, including biofuel production. This process requires increasing the biomass yield of microalgae and producing high quantities of the product. This study investigated the biomass, biodiesel, and bioethanol potential of Hindakia tetrachotoma microalgae grown in wastewater containing various nitrogen sources. In addition, the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were studied. Nitrate-containing samples yielded the highest biomass concentration (1487 ± 21 mg/L). The maximum lipid percentage was 38% at 1 mM NO₃⁻ concentration. In addition, the highest carbohydrate percentage was 28% at a concentration of 6 mM NO₃⁻. The lowest carbohydrate percentage was 15% at a concentration of 1 mM NO₂⁻. Furthermore, the highest biodiesel percentage was 118.8% at 1 mM NO₃⁻ concentration, whereas the highest bioethanol percentage was 112% at 6 mM NO₃⁻ concentration. Also, the maximum SOD activity was 132 ± 5 U/mg proteins at 1 mM NH₄⁺. The lowest SOD activity was 39 ± 3 U/mg proteins at 6 mM urea concentration. The maximum CAT activity was measured to be 120 ± 7 U/mg proteins at a concentration of 6 mM NH₄⁺. As a result, NO₃⁻ was the most effective nitrogen source for Hindakia tetrachotoma microalgae, making it appropriate for biodiesel and bioethanol production.
Author: Melih Onay
Institution: Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi
Language: Turkish
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7155526759