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Using Human Urine as Fertilizer to Optimize Corn Growth and Yield in the Imbo Agroecological Zone in Burundi

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Agriculture is crucial for food security in Burundi, providing 95% of food and contributing 39.6% to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, it faces challenges like high population density, which strains natural resources, and limit access to agricultural inputs due to low purchasing power. This study investigates the effects of varying concentrations of human urine on the growth and yield of Bazooka hybrid maize in the Imbo agroecological zone to assess whether human urine can help alleviate the problem of insufficient and limited access to fertilizers. An experiment with five treatments (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% urine) applied at 0.5 liters per planting hole showed yields ranging from 2.84 t/ha to 3.92 t/ha over three growing seasons. The 75% urine treatment gave yield of 3.92 t/ha, significantly higher than that of the unfertilized control. These findings suggest that human urine can enhance maize productivity, providing a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers and addressing agricultural input challenges in Burundi.

Source: Asian Journal of Biology

DOI: 10.9734/ajob/2026/v22i5648

Authors: Gilbert Nijimbere, Charles Niyonkuru, Claire Nineza, Francois Nitereka, Ferdinand Niyongabo, Venant Nyandwi, Rémy Marie Nkurunziza

Institution: Université du Burundi

Language: English

Topic: Agricultural Science and Fertilization

Subfield: Soil Science

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Domain: Life Sciences

SDGs: Zero hunger, Life on land, No poverty

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W7156441339

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