Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Systematic Review
Abstract: Background: and mismatch-repair genes, confer a substantial risk of several malignancies, including ovarian, endometrial, and fallopian tube cancers. Given the limited efficacy of current screening strategies, particularly for ovarian cancer, a prevention-focused approach is required. This review synthesizes evidence on identification, risk stratification, surveillance, chemoprevention, and prophylactic surgery in women with inherited gynecologic cancer susceptibility, proposing a precision-prevention framework. Methods: A structured search of MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted through July 2025. Original studies, reviews, and guidelines in English were included following independent screening and full-text assessment by two authors. Results: Expanded germline testing, universal mismatch-repair screening, and genomic profiling have improved carrier identification beyond family history-based criteria. Integrated counseling models enhance informed decision-making and access to care. Conventional surveillance tools show limited sensitivity; emerging strategies, including circulating tumor DNA assays and artificial intelligence, require further validation. Hormonal and anti-inflammatory agents demonstrate potential for risk reduction. Prophylactic surgery, including salpingo-oophorectomy, hysterectomy, or investigational salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy, remains central, requiring multidisciplinary evaluation and attention to fertility, menopausal health, and patient preferences. Ethical and health-economic considerations remain critical in clinical practice and policy development. Further studies are warranted to better elucidate the potential role of liquid biopsy, microbiota, and targeted vaccination strategies. Conclusions: Prevention of gynecologic cancers in genetically predisposed women requires an integrated strategy that includes comprehensive genetic assessment, risk-adapted surveillance, evidence-based risk-reduction interventions, and multidisciplinary coordination. Implementing and refining precision prevention frameworks is crucial to optimize outcomes and translate genetic risk into tailored preventive care.
Source: Frontiers in Oncology
Language: English
Subfield: Genetics
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,801
OpenAlex ID: W7157169595