Sustainable and Green Transportation in Developing Countries: A Comprehensive Review with Focus on Dhaka, Bangladesh
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Transportation is one of the largest contributors to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the primary driver of urban air pollution, energy depletion, and land-use changes. In rapidly urbanising developing countries, these challenges are especially acute. Dhaka, Bangladesh, one of the world's most densely populated megacities, exemplifies the intersection of explosive population growth, a fragmented transport system, severe air quality degradation, and deep socioeconomic vulnerability to climate change. This review paper examines sustainable and green transportation comprehensively, grounding its analysis in Bangladesh and the Dhaka context, while drawing on global evidence and international case studies Topics covered include electric vehicles (EVs), non-motorised transport, including the rickshaw economy, CNG auto-rickshaws, the Dhaka MRT Line 6, Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), inland waterways, and Bangladesh's national transport policy frameworks, including the RSTP, NDC, and Delta Plan 2100.This is a self-initiated undergraduate research preprint by a 3rd-year Civil Engineering student at UITS, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The manuscript is under preparation for a peer-reviewed journal submission.
Author: Sagor, Md Ratul Chowdhury
Institution: University of Information Technology and Sciences
Language: English
Subfield: Transportation
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7159787925
FWCI:
Cites:
Cited by:
Related to: