Magnetic Design of a Bldc Motor for Electric Scooters: a Case Study of Togu Campus
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: The increase in environmental problems caused by fossil fuels has made electric micromobility vehicles strategically important in urban transportation. However, these vehicles with standard equipment experience performance inadequacies in settlements with variable topographic features and high gradients. This study aims to design and analyze the performance of a Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motor specifically optimized for the challenging topographical conditions of the Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University (TOGU) campus, which features gradients exceeding 10% in certain regions. To this end, an integrated approach combining analytical design procedures based on vehicle dynamics and topographical constraints with parametric optimization processes using the Finite Element Method (FEM) has been developed. The developed model resulted in an external rotor motor topology that meets the requirements of ~1.5 kW peak power and ~25 Nm torque. Simulation analyses conducted in 2D show that the designed motor operates without entering magnetic saturation even under the most demanding load conditions, exhibits a suitable back-electromotive force (back-EMF) profile, and achieves a high efficiency value of ~91%. Ultimately, this study demonstrates that considering local topographical constraints as design parameters significantly improves energy efficiency and driving performance compared to standard solutions.
Authors: Berat Aslan, Mustafa Eker
Institution: Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi
Language: Turkish
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W7159818837