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Overwhelmed by Heterologous Elements: The Hidden Identity of an Ovarian Sertoli–Leydig Cell Tumor with Extensive Heterologous Elements

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Background: Sertoli–Leydig cell tumors (SLCTs) are rare ovarian sex cord–stromal tumors, often presenting diagnostic challenges due to their varied morphology and association with heterologous elements. Case Presentation: We report a case of 21-year-old female presenting with pelvic pain, secondary amenorrhea, and virilization. Radiology revealed a left ovarian mass. Patient underwent fertility sparing left partial oophorectomy. Histopathological examination demonstrated extensive calcification and ossification with scanty tumor cells, posing significant diagnostic difficulty. Based on morphology differential included were mesenchymal tumors of ovary, mature teratoma and sex cord stromal tumors. Immunohistochemistry played a crucial role in establishing the diagnosis of Sertoli–Leydig cell tumor with extensive heterologous elements.Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of correlating morphology, immunohistochemistry, and clinical features to arrive at an accurate diagnosis, especially in tumors with dominant heterologous components.

Source: Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Authors: Sudharani Hanumanthu, Sujit Joshi, Gourav Agrawal, Nidhi Bandiwadekar

Language: English

Topic: Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment

Subfield: Reproductive Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W7159837649

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