Work

Case Report: Neurological examination, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging in South American camelids and a dromedary

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Introduction South American camelids (SACs) and dromedaries presenting with neurological abnormalities are increasingly common in veterinary practice. Advanced diagnostic imaging techniques, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are typically available only in specialized veterinary clinics, and their feasibility is often limited by the animal’s size. We aim to describe CT and MRI findings in a cohort of SACs and dromedaries diagnosed with neurological diseases. Methods Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for SACs and dromedaries that underwent CT and MRI of the brain or spinal cord between 2010 and 2025. Fourteen alpacas, two llamas, and one dromedary met the inclusion criteria. Results Intracranial diseases included trauma ( n = 1) and inflammatory conditions, such as abscess formation ( n = 1), and intracranial mycotic granuloma ( n = 1). Otitis externa and interna with intracranial extension were observed in five cases. Spinal cord disorders included discospondylitis ( n = 5), vertebral subluxation ( n = 1), and trauma-associated intramedullary lesions ( n = 2). Conclusion CT and MRI are valuable tools for diagnosing and characterizing neurologic diseases of the central nervous system in SACs and dromedaries and should be part of the diagnostic work-up when feasible.

Source: Frontiers in Veterinary Science

DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2026.1798164

Authors: Marlene Sickinger, Daniela Farke, Meike L. Schmidt, Martin J. Schmidt

Institution: Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen

Language: English

Topic: Veterinary Orthopedics and Neurology

Subfield: Small Animals

Field: Veterinary

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,801