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Spontaneous Fertility Following Conservative Surgical Management of Persistent Müllerian Duct Syndrome: A Case Report

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is a rare 46,XY disorder characterized by the presence of Müllerian structures in phenotypically normal males and is commonly associated with infertility. We report the case of a 28-year-old man with a seven-year history of primary infertility who underwent inguinal hernia repair. Intraoperatively, a uterus-like structure was identified, consistent with PMDS. A fertility-preserving approach was adopted, avoiding extensive dissection to prevent vas deferens injury. Bilateral orchiopexy and testicular biopsy were performed. Histopathology demonstrated active spermatogenesis without malignancy. At the seven-month follow-up, spontaneous conception was achieved without assisted reproductive techniques. This case highlights the importance of intraoperative diagnosis and individualized surgical management in optimizing fertility outcomes.

Source: Cureus

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.108507

Authors: Majid Karimi, Taha Karimi

Institutions: Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, University of California San Diego

Language: English

Topic: Sexual Differentiation and Disorders

Subfield: Molecular Biology

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W7160615543