It Is Not Only What You Offer, but How: A Multidimensional Measure of Perceived Psychosocial Support Among Earthquake Survivors
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Aims: To develop and validate the Multidimensional Perceived Psychosocial Support Scale for Earthquake Survivors (MPPSS-ES) in adults affected by the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes in Türkiye. Methods: A 38-item pool was administered to 638 adult earthquake survivors across 11 provinces. Using a stratified split-sample design, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, measurement invariance, differential item functioning, and associations with Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-42 (DASS-42) scores were examined. Results: The final 20-item MPPSS-ES comprised four correlated factors: Knowledge, Process, Individual Benefit, and Community Benefit. Internal consistency was strong (Cronbach's α = .858–.953; McDonald's ω = .867–.954). Measurement invariance held across most demographic groups. Favorable support perceptions were negatively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress; Process showed the strongest associations. Conclusion: The MPPSS-ES provides a reliable and valid multidimensional measure of perceived psychosocial support among earthquake survivors who received post-disaster services. Further research should examine temporal stability and cross-cultural applicability.
Source: OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)
Authors: Öznur Çınar, Emel Yıldız, Ekrem Cengiz
Language: English
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7161357377