The Ballot, The Bullet, and the Colonial Unchanged: A Prophetic Scholar's Reading of Malcolm X's 1964 Diagnostic and Its Sixty-Year Receipt
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: This paper reads Malcolm X’s 1964 “Ballot or the Bullet” speech as a structural diagnostic rather than civil rights rhetoric. It examines the three-part sovereignty framework Malcolm prescribed political, economic, and social self-determination traces the historical inversion of that prescription across six decades, and connects Malcolm’s domestic colonial analysis to current geopolitical realignment, the petrodollar collapse, and the suppression of African spiritual sovereignty. Published under the prophetic analytical framework of Conjure Worx de la Ruh.
Author: Holland Bey, Ruh Munira
Language: English
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7161381483
FWCI:
Cites:
Cited by:
Related to: