Integrating noise as a risk factor in studies of Alzheimer's disease and dementia: Guidance for epidemiologic research
Year: 2026
Type: review
Abstract: Noise exposure is increasingly recognized as a modifiable environmental risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), yet its integration into epidemiologic research remains limited. We reviewed international noise mapping resources, exposure metrics, and analytic approaches relevant to ADRD studies. Mechanistic pathways and methodological challenges were synthesized from recent studies via expert knowledge. We present a stepwise framework for integrating noise into ADRD research, detailing metric selection, spatiotemporal assignment, and analytic guardrails. Our review recommends the application of 24-hour average, nighttime, and event-based metrics, and stresses that health effects may occur at low noise levels. We further underscore the importance of accounting for indoor, occupational, and life course exposures. Rigorous noise exposure assessment and transparent reporting will improve comparability and causal inference in ADRD studies. Future research should harmonize exposure metrics, integrate co-exposures (e.g., air pollution), and clarify etiologically relevant windows to strengthen prevention strategies.
Source: Alzheimer s & Dementia
DOI: 10.1002/alz.71513
Authors: Matthew Bozigar, Jennifer Weuve, Sierra N. Clark, Stephanie T. Grady, Manuella Lech Cantuaria, Yutong Samuel Cai, Charlotte Roscoe, Martin Röösli, Junenette L. Peters, Edmund Seto, Danielle Vienneau, Mette Sørensen, Richard L. Neitzel, Aaron L. Hastings, Thomas J. Luben, Zorana Jovanovic Andersen, Charlotte Clark, Anna L. Hansell, Perry Hystad, Michael Brauer, Sara D. Adar
Institutions: Oregon State University, Boston University, University of London, St George's, University of London, City St George's, University of London, University of Southern Denmark, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), University of Leicester, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Portland State University, Oregon Health & Science University, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, University of Washington, University Medical Center Utrecht, Roskilde University, University of Michigan, Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, University of Copenhagen, British Heart Foundation, University of British Columbia, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Language: English
Topic: Noise Effects and Management
Subfield: Speech and Hearing
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,200
OpenAlex ID: W7162210657