Association of periodontal disease with 12-month cardiovascular outcomes after acute myocardial infarction: A prospective cohort study
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Objectives: While periodontal disease (PD) is epidemiologically linked to acute myocardial infarction (AMI), its prognostic significance for subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) remains ill-defined. This study investigated whether preexisting PD is associated with 12-month MACE after AMI. Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled first-time AMI patients undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention between January and September 2024, excluding those with severe comorbidities or edentulism. Participants were stratified by preadmission PD status into AMI ( n = 138) and PD+AMI ( n = 154) cohorts. The primary endpoint was 12-month MACE, encompassing recurrent myocardial infarction, in-stent restenosis, heart failure-related rehospitalization, or cardiovascular mortality. The association between PD and MACE was evaluated using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risk factors (age, sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Results: Baseline assessments revealed that the PD+AMI cohort exhibited elevated triglyceride levels ( P = 0.038) and a higher prevalence of multivessel coronary lesions ( P = 0.031) compared with AMI controls. Over the 12-month follow-up, patients with PD experienced significantly higher rates of recurrent myocardial infarction/in-stent restenosis (6.49% vs. 4.35%, P = 0.034), cardiovascular mortality (5.19% vs. 3.62%, P = 0.039), and overall MACE (26.62% vs. 21.01%, P = 0.037). Heart failure rehospitalization rates were comparable between groups ( P = 0.642). Crucially, multivariate Cox regression identified preexisting PD as an independent predictor of 12-month MACE (hazard ratio = 2.218, 95% confidence interval: 1.243–3.956, P = 0.007). Conclusion: PD was independently associated with higher 12-month adverse cardiovascular outcomes after AMI, suggesting that periodontal status may be considered as one of the factors in further risk assessment.
Source: Asian Heart Journal
Authors: Jiuxu Kan, Ruoxin Min, Yong Hong, Hong Wang
Language: English
Subfield: Periodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7162496301