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Air Pollution Implications of Sugarcane Bioethanol Blending: A Critical Review of Global and Indian Evidence With Reference to E20 Policy

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: India's National Biofuel Policy mandates 20% ethanol blending (E20) in petrol by 2025, with sugarcane as the primary feedstock. Despite extensive global bioethanol lifecycle assessment (LCA) literature, the full multi-pollutant environmental implications spanning GHGs, PM2.5, PM10, NOX, CO, SOX, and VOCs remain poorly characterized in domestic policy. This paper synthesizes peer-reviewed evidence across global bioethanol LCA, the Brazilian benchmark, Indian-specific analyses, vehicular emission science, and biofuel health risk literature. The review concludes that E20's environmental credibility requires structural reforms in field burning, distillery emission controls, and regionally differentiated procurement.

Source: Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20422749

Authors: Shubham N. Saraf, Dr. S. V. Dharpal

Language: English

Topic: Vehicle emissions and performance

Subfield: Automotive Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Affordable and clean energy, Climate action, Responsible consumption and production

Open Access status: green

OpenAlex ID: W7162689064

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