In Vitro Evaluation of Nickel and Chromium Ion Release From Orthodontic Archwires in Beverages and Mouthwash: a Comparative Study
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Background: Orthodontic archwires are continuously exposed to the dynamic oral environment, which may compromise their structural integrity through corrosion and ion release. Nickel and chromium ions released from these alloys have potential biological implications.Objective: To quantitatively evaluate and compare nickel and chromium ion release from different orthodontic archwires immersed in commonly consumed beverages and mouthwash.Materials and Methods: This in vitro experimental study included 64 orthodontic archwire samples (TMA, NiTi, stainless steel, and CuNiTi). Each group was subdivided based on immersion media: artificial saliva, mouthwash, coffee, and carbonated beverage (coke). Ion release was assessed at 1 hour, 6 hours, 24 hours, and 10 days using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test (p≤0.05).Results: A statistically significant increase in nickel and chromium ion release was observed with time (p<0.001). NiTi and CuNiTi demonstrated the highest nickel ion release, whereas stainless steel exhibited comparatively higher chromium release. Acidic and chemically active media significantly enhanced corrosion.Conclusion: Ion release from orthodontic archwires is influenced by alloy composition, immersion medium, and duration of exposure. NiTi-based alloys exhibit greater corrosion potential, particularly in acidic environments.
Language: English
Subfield: Orthodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7162855676