Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Recent time-domain analyses suggest that black hole stability may be sensitive to localized near-horizon geometric deformations, while the underlying spectral mechanism remain unclear. In this work, after verifying the instability of the model in the time domain, we systematically investigate quasi-normal mode spectra under static localized non-positive perturbations within a frequency-domain framework. We find that such deformations generically induce a new purely imaginary mode. As the deformation approaches the horizon, the imaginary part of this mode increases and eventually enters the upper half complex-frequency plane, signaling the onset of black hole instability. Numerical results reveal clear scaling relations between the critical distance for instability and the deformation strength. We further derive rigorous proofs for our discoveries in frequency domain. These results demonstrate that black hole stability under long scale is conditionally sensitive to localized deformation of metric near the horizon and establish a unified spectral framework for understanding their induced instabilities.
Source: The European Physical Journal C
Authors: Shi-Jie Ma, Zhan-Feng Mai, Run-Qiu Yang
Institutions: Tianjin University, Guangxi University
Language: English
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7163217366