Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: While Reasoning Language Models (RLMs) are rapidly emerging as powerful tools for scientific research, their impact is primarily concentrated in "hard science" fields. The slow -- or lack of -- adoption of RLMs in other branches of science is causing a widening gap in research productivity. In this survey, we provide the first comprehensive analysis of RLM adoption across 28 scientific disciplines following the classification used by the European Research Council (ERC), spanning the Social Sciences and Humanities, Physical Sciences and Engineering, and Life Sciences. We examine how RLMs are developed, evaluated, and applied across disciplines. Furthermore, we introduce a maturity-oriented assessment framework based on available domain-specific development and evaluation resources, revealing substantial disparities in RLM maturity that become even more pronounced when only publicly available resources are considered. Finally, we highlight current implementation paradigms that are gaining popularity across disciplines, current challenges, and future directions in enabling RLM adoption across science.
Source: arXiv (Cornell University)
Authors: Ferdinan, Teddy, Koptyra, Bartłomiej, Langner, Mikołaj, Adamczyk, Tomasz, Radliński, Łukasz, Markiewicz, Maciej, Szczęsny, Aleksander, Woźniak, Stanisław, Romanowicz, Tymoteusz, Pihulski, Dzmitry, Zbrocki, Mateusz, Śmigielski, Mateusz, Rajkowski, Michał, Biedka, Mateusz, Kiełczyński, Konrad, Wojtasik, Konrad, Duszenko, Jacek, Eliasz, Jan, Matys, Piotr, Bernacki-Janson, Michał, Ismiati, Maria Bellaniar, Hermawan, Latius, Mieleszczenko-Kowszewicz, Wiktoria, Kubicka-Sowińska, Anna, Chodak, Grzegorz, Postawa, Karol, Zyblewski, Paweł, Szandała, Tomasz, Sterczewski, Łukasz, Chajec, Adrian, Niewiadomski, Paweł, Gruber, Piotr, Wdowikowski, Marcin, Czarnecki, Sławomir, Kryszak, Bartłomiej, Drabik, Dominik, Kajdanowicz, Tomasz, Mamak, Kamil, Preś, Paweł, Paczkowska, Katarzyna, Sobczuk, Joachim, Zięba, Tomasz, Kocoń, Jan, Piasecki, Maciej, Kazienko, Przemysław
Language: English
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: Digital Research Infrastructure for the Arts and Humanities, European Commission, Narodowym Centrum Nauki, Infrastruktura PL-Grid, HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme, Research Executive Agency, European Regional Development Fund, Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Academic Computer Centre Cyfronet, AGH University of Science and Technology
OpenAlex ID: W7163167657