High Prevalence of Hepatitis B in People With HIV in the MWCCS, 2018–2024
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background: This study aimed to examine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in people with HIV (PWH) undergoing contemporary antiretroviral therapy and people without HIV and to understand the risk factors in people with HIV/HBV coinfection. This retrospective cross-sectional study included 5238 participants with HIV or at risk for HIV acquisition across 13 US sites in the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study (Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study / Women Interagency HIV Study) between January 2018 and December 2024. Methods: The primary outcome was the prevalence of HBV infection and HIV/HBV coinfection. We defined a positive HBsAg (surface antigen) as chronic HBV infection, a negative HBsAg and positive anti-HBV core antibody as recovered infection, and a negative HBsAg and negative anti-HBV core antibody as never infection. The prevalence of chronic and recovered HBV infection was described in different risk groups. Results: In this cohort, the overall prevalence of chronic HBV was 2.4%, and HIV/HBV coinfection was 3.0% among PWH. Current and prior HBV infection was more common in men, and the prevalence of prior HBV increased with age. As compared with the other 2 groups, PWH with chronic HBV infection had lower CD4+ T-cell counts (567 vs 651 and 689 cells/µL), CD4+ T-cell nadirs (210 vs 245 and 258 cells/µL), and HIV viral suppression rate (71.7% vs 82.3% and 83.7%). Among PWH who never had HBV infection, 40.6% lacked seroprotection against HBV. Conclusions: HBV is still prevalent in PWH. HBV coinfection was associated with lower CD4+ T-cell counts and viral suppression rate in PWH. The low seroprotection rate in those without HBV underscores the need for improved screening and immunization.
Source: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofag346
Authors: Maria F Sanes Guevara, Ken S Ho, Anandi N Sheth, Andrew Edmonds, Audrey L French, David B Hanna, Heather King, Jennifer C Price, Maria L Alcaide, Matthew J Mimiaga, Michael Augenbraun, Michael Plankey, Stephen J Gange, Valentina Stosor, Bernard J C Macatangay, Eric C Seaberg, Phyllis C Tien, Chloe L Thio, Yijia Li, Cecile Lahiri, Anandi Sheth, Gina Wingood, Todd Brown, Joseph Margolick, Kathryn Anastos, David Hanna, Anjali Sharma, Deborah Gustafson, Tracey Wilson, Gypsyamber D’Souza, Stephen Gange, Elizabeth Topper, Mardge Cohen, Audrey French, Ryan Ross, Steven Wolinsky, Frank Palella, Valentina Stosor, Bradley Aouizerat, Jennifer Price, Phyllis Tien, Roger Detels, Matthew Mimiaga, Seble Kassaye, Daniel Merenstein, Maria Alcaide, Margaret Fischl, Deborah Jones, Jeremy Martinson, Charles Rinaldo, Mirjam-Colette Kempf, James B Brock, Emily Levitan, M Bradley Drummond, Michelle Floris-Moore
Institutions: University of Pittsburgh, Emory University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of Illinois Chicago, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, University of Miami, University of California, Los Angeles, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Georgetown University, Johns Hopkins University, Northwestern University, Johns Hopkins Medicine
Language: English
Topic: Hepatitis B Virus Studies
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $4,053
Funders: National Institutes of Health, Center for AIDS Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute on Aging, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Cancer Institute, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Office of AIDS Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of California, Los Angeles
Awards: G1296759572, Translational Biomedical Science Training Grant, Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science (GHUCCTS), G3869857964, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Miami Developmental HIV/AIDS Mental Health Research Center (D-ARC), G6745172908, Institutional Career Development Core, Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, University of Pittsburgh MACS/WIHS CCS, MACS/WIHS -CCS, SF Bay Area MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study, UNC MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study Clinical Research Site, Surviving the HIV Epidemic (S/HE) in metropolitan Washington DC - Advancing knowledge through cohort studies, Center for AIDS Research at Emory University, Northwestern CORE Clinical Research Site: Trans-omics for HIV/AIDS Research, Los Angeles CRS for the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study, Data Analysis and Coordination Center for the MACS-WIHS Combined Cohort Study, MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study: Cook County Clinical Research Site (CC_CRS), The University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research, MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study: Brooklyn Clinical Research Site (Bklyn CRS), Clinical Research Sites for the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study (MACS/WIHS-CCS) - Baltimore/Wash DC Center, Atlanta MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study Clinical Research Site, UAB-MISS MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study, Miami Center for AIDS Research, UCLA Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Clinical Research Sites for the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study (MACS/WIHS-CCS), UAB Center for AIDS Research (CFAR)
OpenAlex ID: W7163654366