Classical field simulation of vortex lattice melting in a two-dimensional fast rotating Bose gas
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: We present a classical field simulation study of the thermal melting of a two-dimensional (2D) vortex lattice in a rotating Bose gas, focusing on the role of finite-size effects on the melting temperature. This work constitutes a numerical continuation of the recent experimental investigation reported in (Sharma 2024 Phys. Rev. Lett. 133 143401), which addressed the thermal melting of a vortex lattice in a quasi-2D Bose gas. Using the stochastic projected Gross–Pitaevskii equation in a harmonic plus quartic trap, we simulate the finite-temperature equilibrium state and extract vortex configurations from density snapshots. Clear signatures of the two-step Kosterlitz–Thouless–Halperin–Nelson–Young melting scenario are identified. Our simulations enable a detailed characterization of the crystalline, hexatic, and liquid phases through correlation functions quantifying the translational and orientational order and through defect statistics. Finite-size effects are shown to play a crucial role at lower rotation frequencies, affecting the proliferation of lattice defects.
Source: New Journal of Physics
Institutions: Universidade de São Paulo, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics And Applications, European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Université, Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires
Language: English
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,610
Funders: Nord universitet, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão, Fundação Amazônia Paraense de Amparo à Pesquisa, H2020 European Research Council
Awards: G1063147063, G1190173965, G1322358825, G209925616, G2823776494, Quantum transport in synthetic materials, G3400390411, G402038981, G4773289129, RELAQS: Non-thermal fixed points during RELAxation of far-from-equilibrium Quantum gaseS, G6191138830, Superfluid vortex turbulence on a curved surface, CEPOF - Optics and Photonic Research Center
OpenAlex ID: W7164001365