Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: We propose simultaneous $αβ$ decay as a novel mode of nuclear instability that involves the strong and weak interactions in a single quantum transition. We develop a theoretical framework to predict its branching ratios and $α$-energy spectra, establishing exclusive and inclusive criteria based on whether the individual $α$ and $β$ channels are closed or open. A global survey of the nuclear chart identifies five exclusive $αβ^-$ candidates, all predicted to be experimentally inaccessible, and ranks the leading inclusive candidates for both the $αβ^-$ and $αβ^+$ modes. Remarkably, six of the top $αβ^+$ candidates coincide with known $β$-delayed-$α$ precursors. The observed $α$ spectra are naturally accounted for by simultaneous $αβ^+$ emission without additional assumptions, indicating a substantial and possibly dominant direct component. Our findings establish simultaneous $αβ$ decay as a distinct radioactive process and a sensitive probe of the interplay between the strong and weak interactions.
Source: Physical Review Letters
DOI: 10.1103/76pc-tspc
Authors: W. Q. Zhang, C. Qi
Language: English
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: G5087929362, G7515612998
OpenAlex ID: W7164165488