Application of the Generalized Maxwell Model for Single-Kernel Relaxation Experiments—Part 1: Effect of Wheat Type and Moisture Content
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: This study aimed to characterize the stress relaxation of wheat kernels of different hardness and varying moisture contents using generalized Maxwell models with three, five, and seven elements. Single-kernel stress relaxation tests were conducted under controlled axial compression to obtain force decay data, which were fitted using non-linear regression to estimate model constants. Positive correlations between kernel moisture content and Maxwell constants were observed, indicating greater magnitude of force decay and higher relaxation rates at higher moisture levels, while the residual force decreased. Significant differences in viscoelastic parameters were also found between hard and soft wheat varieties.
Source: Materials
DOI: 10.3390/ma19122592
Institutions: University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Al-Muthanna University
Language: English
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,137
OpenAlex ID: W7164919657