Sleep phenotypes and subjective cognitive decline in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Study Objectives: Disturbed sleep and daytime sleepiness have been associated with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), which often precedes objective cognitive deficits and clinical dementia. Due to heterogeneity of sleep problems, researchers have used phenotype-based approaches to cluster individuals based on a group of sleep symptoms. These clusters have been associated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) efficacy and cardiovascular incidence risk, but less work has related them to SCD. We sought to examine the relationships between sleep phenotypes and SCD among a diverse sample of Hispanic/Latino individuals. Methods: We used data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, a large dataset of Hispanic/Latino communities. We included 15 sleep symptoms and 4 cardiovascular measures in our latent class analysis model to find the optimal cluster size. SCD was assessed using the Everyday Cognition Scale. We ran survey weighted linear regression models to assess domain specific and global SCD across the groups. Results: A total of N = 5551 individuals were included in the analysis. The 3-class solution was the best fit, and groups were consistent with previous work. Those in the sleepiness-disturbed sleep (N = 943) or disturbed sleep (N = 1886) group had more SCD across all domains, including global, compared to those in the minimally symptomatic (N = 2722) group. Adjusting for social, cardiovascular factors, and obstructive sleep apnea attenuated but did not fully explain associations. Conclusions: Daytime sleepiness and disturbed sleep clusters were associated with worse SCD. These findings suggest that sleep disturbances, regardless of sleep apnea, could have significant implications for cognitive health in diverse Hispanic/Latino populations.
DOI: 10.17615/wg63-6695
Authors: DeCarli, Charles, Marquez, Freddie, Stickel, Ariana M, González, Kevin A, Agudelo, Christian, Bubu, Omonigho, Patel, Sanjay R, Membreno, Rachel, Daviglus, Martha, Gallo, Linda C, Tarraf, Wassim, Testai, Fernando D, Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela, Penedo, Frank J, Junco, Barbara, González, Hector M, Ramos, Alberto R
Institution: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Language: English
Topic: Sleep and related disorders
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University, Morris Animal Foundation, American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Torsten Söderbergs Stiftelse, Michigan State University, Universidad de Alicante, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Candidate Talents Training Fund of Yunnan Province, UK Research and Innovation, Food Science Institute Foundation, Medtronic Europe, National Institute for Health and Care Research, Leverhulme Trust, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grantová Agentura České Republiky, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Gachon University, AFA Försäkring, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Rural Development Administration, National Research Foundation of Korea, KU Leuven, Narodowe Centrum Nauki, Umeå Universitet, Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province, Campus France, Forskningsrådet om Hälsa, Arbetsliv och Välfärd, Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, Iketani Science and Technology Foundation, Regione Emilia-Romagna, National Institutes of Health, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, National Institute on Aging, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Center for Companion Animal Health, University of California, Davis, HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council, DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, Gray Family Foundation, TNB Research
OpenAlex ID: W7165177730