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When Treatment Becomes a Threat: A Report of a Rare Case of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-Induced Enteritis Mimicking Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: We report a rare case of 5-fluorouracil-induced enteritis mimicking inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A 67-year-old man undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer developed profuse diarrhea and fever. Initial findings were suggestive of IBD; however, biopsy findings and clinicopathologic correlation supported a diagnosis of chemotherapy-induced enteritis. Cessation of chemotherapy and initiation of corticosteroids led to resolution of symptoms. Awareness of this rare complication can prevent misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.

Source: Cureus

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.111505

Authors: Andreas Sinanan, Shiva Verma, Yao X Schmidt, Parmod Kumar

Institution: Sierra View Medical Center

Language: English

Topic: Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Subfield: Genetics

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W7165917577