Work

CNS Manifestations of HIV/AIDS: A Review of Neuroimaging Features

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: SUMMARY: HIV and AIDS cause a wide range of pathology in the CNS, including direct sequelae of HIV viral infection, opportunistic infections and characteristic neoplasms in the immunocompromised host, and treatment-related effects, many of which can overlap in their clinical and imaging features. Although the incidence of opportunistic infection has decreased with the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy, familiarity with the CNS manifestations of HIV/AIDS remains critical for timely diagnosis and treatment of these patients, particularly among populations without consistent access to antiretrovirals. Here, we provide a pictorial review of manifestations of HIV/AIDS in the brain and spine, with attention to key imaging features that can help radiologists appropriately narrow and prioritize the differential diagnosis.

Source: AJNR Clinical Practice

DOI: 10.3174/cp.a0004

Authors: Eric J. Lopez, Shin Mei Chan, Shankarapryan Sivanushanthan, Allen Ye, Weiya Mu

Institutions: University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital

Language: English

Topic: HIV Research and Treatment

Subfield: Virology

Field: Immunology and Microbiology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: bronze

Funder: National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering