Magnetohydrodynamic bioconvective transport of Carreau hybrid nanofluid over nonlinear stretching surface with activation energy and radiation effects in porous media
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: The present study investigates magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) bioconvective flow and transport characteristics of a Carreau hybrid nanofluid (HNF) over a nonlinear stretching surface embedded in a porous medium. The hybrid nanoparticle suspension (Fe3O4 + CoFe2O4 in water) accounts for thermal radiation, activation energy, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and gyrotactic microorganisms. By using similarity variables, the original PDEs describing the process are converted and then solved numerically through an adaptive Runge–Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF-45) shooting technique. Findings show that hybrid nanoparticles can be used to increase the heat transfer rate up to 31% and mass transfer approximately by 23%. The magnetic parameter acts to reduce the flow velocity due to Lorentz force, additionally, the radiation parameter and Eckert number upsurge temperature. The Peclet number decreases the distribution of microorganisms while the bioconvective Lewis number promotes their concentration in the region. Dilatant fluids give rise to stronger heat transfer whereas in pseudoplastic fluids their mass diffusion is facilitated more. The results complement well developing thermal management and energy utilization systems. Hybrid nanofluid (Fe3O4 + CoFe2O4) enhances heat transfer by up to 31%. Mass transfer increases by 23% due to Brownian motion and thermophoresis. The magnetic field reduces velocity by 18–25% due to the Lorentz force. Radiation and viscous dissipation raise the temperature by 20–28%. Dilatant fluids improve heat transfer, while pseudoplastic fluids enhance mass diffusion.
Source: Discover Nano
Authors: Imran Ullah, Waqar A. Khan, Assmaa Abd-Elmonem, Suriya Uma Devi, Wasim Jamshed, Mohamed R. Eid, Syed M. Hussain, Hijaz Ahmad, Kamel Guedri
Institutions: National University of Sciences and Technology, Applied Science Private University, King Khalid University, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Biruni University, Northern Border University, Islamic University of Madinah, Karadeniz Technical University, Korea University, Western Caspian University, Near East University, Széchenyi István University, Umm al-Qura University
Language: English
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,090
OpenAlex ID: W7165967841