Precision luminosity measurement in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the Large Hadron Collider
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: Discovering new fundamental physics requires spotting subtle deviations between theoretical predictions and experimental data. This delicate comparison hinges on the precise knowledge of the integrated luminosity, the measure of how many particle interactions were actually delivered by the collider. Here, we report a landmark measurement of the integrated luminosity by the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment for proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). By calibrating multiple independent monitors through specialized beam-separation techniques and rigorously validating their long-term stability against well-understood Z boson production rates, we comprehensively map and minimize systematic uncertainties. Combining the findings yields a total integrated luminosity precision of 0.73% for the entire data set. This marks the most precise luminosity measurement ever achieved at a bunched-beam hadron collider. Crossing the sub-percent precision threshold per data taking year fundamentally sharpens our ability to test the standard model and establishes a vital baseline for the upcoming High-Luminosity LHC era.
Source: arXiv (Cornell University)
Author: CMS Collaboration
Language: English
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: National Science Foundation, U.S. Department of Energy, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, Nvidia, Weston Havens Foundation, CERN, Türkiye Enerji, Nükleer ve Maden Araştırma Kurumu, European Commission, Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India, Science Foundation Ireland, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg, National Science Council, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Austrian Science Fund, Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Bulgarian National Science Fund, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, A.G. Leventis Foundation, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, Ministry of Education, India, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Latvijas Zinātnes Padome, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission, Ministry of Science,Technology and Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal, Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation, Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea, Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, Thailand, Qatar National Research Fund, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture, European Regional Development Fund, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules, H2020 European Research Council
Awards: G104587016, G1140695140, G1168670829, G1247894190, G1329459308, G134384773, G1385882230, G1445092925, G1561925909, G1594289875, G1675948773, G1885720088, G196419191, G2001838499, G2041099603, G2187008668, G2221160934, G2262748287, G2267136332, G2274271100, G233830736, G2346524269, G2361494173, G2451120675, G247567876, G2719248711, G3098865, Measurement of Higgs boson decays to charm quark antiquark pairs in association with top quark antiquark pair production at the CMS experiment., The strong interaction at the frontier of knowledge: fundamental research and applications, G3480869486, G3516063596, G3559729648, G3681454997, Direct and indirect searches for new physics in events with top quarks using LHC proton-proton collisions at the CMS detector, Majorana neutrino discovery strategy with CMS, GRK 2497: Physik der schwersten Teilchen am Large Hadron Collider, G400153656, G4042783231, Advanced Multi-Variate Analysis for New Physics Searches at the LHC, G425668148, G4294835076, G432818845, G451917667, G464105488, G4660793865, International Training Network for Statistics in High Energy Physics and Society, G4889286584, G4901146333, G5032552237, G5262952806, G5385376234, G5483924367, G5495006781, G5519330468, G5530932758, G5859579752, G5967599077, G6024799018, G6033112984, G632107855, G6438247056, Search for Higgs bosons decaying to charm quarks, G6583816302, G6649312515, G669306701, G6740116124, G6837507712, G6874468849, G7084143925, G7249177268, EXC 2121: Quantum Universe, G7550595537, G7581181636, G7651396250, G7845620010, G8061683924, G8088767543, G8240076462, G8361613806, G8430294048, G8733234872, G8999148467, G972786147
OpenAlex ID: W7166070939