From Mass-Frequency Invariance to Velocity Cartography
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: Mass--frequency invariance is a confirmed feature of physics: every massive particle has a Compton frequency $f_C = Mc^2/h$, and the relation holds under all tested conditions. Treating that invariance as identity, $M \equiv f_C$, forces two reductions in classical $h$-based Planck units: $h = c^2$ and $G = l_p^3/t_p$. A single conversion factor, $f_{C,kg}/\mathrm{kg}$, does both. Define $Q := l_p^3/t_p$; then $Q/l_p^2 = c$, identifying $c$ as the one-dimensional shadow of a three-dimensional constraint. If $Q$ is the primary object and $c$ its projection, then space's dimensional structure is $L^3/T$. The Minkowski line element, divided by $dt^2$, becomes a velocity cartography: $ds^2/dt^2 = |\mathbf{v}|^2 - c^2$, bounded by the invariant $c$. The Lorentz factor's $1/\gamma^2$ is the unspent fraction of that bound. This paper's secondary claim is that mass as frequency is a convincing enough interpretation to begin using that identity in parallel with conventional physics to determine where interpretations diverge and whether such divergence is measurable in the observational regime. Changelog: Typo in $Q$ value corrected.
Author: Shillings, Ronald
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7166354142
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