Work

A tetraquark 81-plet with $$J^{PC}=1^{-+}$$ or a hybrid nonet

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Confirming the existence of hybrid states remains challenging due to their experimental indistinguishability from tightly bound tetraquarks and loosely bound molecules. To address this issue, we employ QCD sum rules to systematically investigate the $$ \pi _1(1600) $$ π 1 ( 1600 ) and $$ \eta _1(1855) $$ η 1 ( 1855 ) as candidate tetraquark states with exotic quantum numbers $$ J^{PC} = 1^{-+}$$ J PC = 1 - + . Within the hybrid framework, an $$ SU(3) $$ S U ( 3 ) flavor nonet is expected, featuring two isoscalar configurations, $$ q{\bar{q}}g $$ q q ¯ g and $$s{\bar{s}}g$$ s s ¯ g , where $$q = u/d $$ q = u / d . Moreover, the decay width of the $$ s{\bar{s}}g $$ s s ¯ g state into the $$ K^* {\bar{K}}^* $$ K ∗ K ¯ ∗ channel ( VV ) is found to be two orders of magnitude smaller than that into the $$ \eta \eta ^\prime $$ η η ′ channel ( PP ) [1]. In contrast, the tetraquark scenario predicts an $$ SU(3) $$ S U

Source: The European Physical Journal C

DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-15939-y

Authors: Niu Su, Er-Liang Cui, Yi-Wei Jiang, Hua-Xing Chen

Institutions: Taiyuan University of Technology, Northwest A&F University, Southeast University

Language: English

Topic: Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions

Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics

Field: Physics and Astronomy

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: diamond

Funders: National Natural Science Foundation of China, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

Awards: G1028704476, G7162927461, G7452539093