P22 : Time: Identifying the Cause and Effects and Unifying General and Special Relativity
Year: 2026
Type: conference-abstract
Abstract: In standard physics, time is treated either as a coordinate (special relativity), a geometric dimension (general relativity), or an emergent thermodynamic arrow. None of these frameworks provides a physical mechanism for why clocks slow, why the causal speed limit c is universal, or why gravitational and kinematic time dilation share the same mathematical structure. This paper develops a technical account of time within the BFUT framework, in which time is identified as the accumulated evolution of states in the Spaticle substrate. From a single propagation-budget constraint, c² = v²_internal + v²_grav + v²_spatial, this paper derives: special-relativistic time dilation; gravitational time dilation with a finite deformation domain; a unified formula covering both simultaneously; length contraction as a second consequence of the same budget applied to the spatial coordinate; the arrow of time as a structural consequence of irreversible outward substrate propagation; the resolution of the twin paradox from substrate propagation histories; photon proper time equal to zero; why every physical clock regardless of construction slows by the same factor; simultaneity and causality as consequences of finite substrate propagation speed; why the past cannot be changed and the future does not yet exist; the temporal proof that gravitational singularities are physically unreachable; the physical basis of quantum time evolution; and the status of the Weak, Einstein, and Strong Equivalence Principles in the substrate framework.
Author: Sharma, Vijay Shankar
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7166441220
Cites:
Cited by:
Related to: