Need Analysis of The Swedish Massage Pro 3D Animation Learning E-Module Elements for Self-Directed Learning Among Vocational College Students
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: This study aims to analyse the elements required in the development of the Swedish Massage Pro 3D Animation Learning e-module as a digital teaching aid to facilitate the mastery of Swedish massage techniques among Cosmetology students at Vocational Colleges. Swedish massage is a complex practical skill that requires a strong understanding of physiological concepts, rhythmic consistency, hand coordination, and repetitive step-by-step practice. However, students often face difficulties in mastering massage procedures due to their heavy reliance on lecturer demonstrations, limited access to systematic learning materials, and challenges in memorizing intricate massage sequences. These issues consequently hinder students’ self-directed learning and practical skill acquisition in the Body Treatment subject. Therefore, there is a need for a more interactive, flexible, and technology-based learning platform to support vocational students in mastering practical massage techniques effectively. This study employed the Design and Development Research (DDR) approach proposed by Richey and Klein (2007). The current study focuses on the needs analysis phase, which involved two experienced Cosmetology lecturers from Vocational College ERT Setapak. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to identify pedagogical challenges, content requirements, learning preferences, and functional specifications necessary for the development of the 3D animation-based e-module. The findings revealed that the Petrissage technique requires particular emphasis due to its multiple sub-techniques, which frequently confuse students during practical sessions. In addition, the findings indicate that flexible and modular learning content, delivered section-by-section through animated videos, is more suitable for enhancing students’ understanding and retention of massage procedures. Both lecturers also emphasized the importance of integrating concise notes, mind maps, quizzes, and interactive multimedia elements into the e-module to support self-directed learning. The development of the Swedish Massage Pro 3D Animation Learning e-module is expected to enhance students’ practical skill mastery, improve learning engagement, and support technology-based pedagogy in vocational education.
Institution: Sultan Idris Education University
Language: English
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
SDG: Quality education
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W7166512199