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Genetic Insights into Interleukin-13 Polymorphisms in Colorectal Cancer Risk and Progression

Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background/Aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health burden with increasing incidence and significant mortality, particularly in advanced stages. Genetic susceptibility and inflammation-related pathways, including cytokine signaling, are increasingly recognized as key contributors to CRC pathogenesis. Interleukin-13 (IL-13) polymorphisms, particularly rs1800925 and rs20541, have been implicated in cancer biology; however, their roles in CRC remain inconclusive. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in Taiwan, including 362 CRC patients and 362 age- and sex-matched controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood, and IL-13 rs1800925 and rs20541 genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Associations between genotypes and CRC risk and clinicopathological features were estimated using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The genotype distributions of rs1800925 and rs20541 in controls conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p=0.2098 and 0.7888, respectively). No overall significant associations were observed between IL-13 polymorphisms and CRC susceptibility. For rs1800925, the CT and TT genotypes showed ORs of 1.20 (95%CI=0.88-1.65, p=0.2772) and 1.42 (95%CI=0.80-2.54, p=0.2844), respectively. For rs20541, the AG and AA genotypes exhibited ORs of 1.11 (95%CI=0.82-1.51, p=0.5581) and 1.21 (95%CI=0.74-1.98, p=0.5185). However, rs1800925 CT+TT genotypes were associated with significantly increased risk of distant metastasis at diagnosis (OR=2.12, 95%CI=1.40-3.20, p=0.0005), while rs20541 AG+AA genotypes were associated with advanced stage (OR=1.50, 95%CI=1.03-2.19, p=0.0423) and metastatic disease at diagnosis (OR=2.16, 95%CI=1.39-3.36, p=0.0007). Conclusion: Although IL-13 rs1800925 and rs20541 polymorphisms are not associated with CRC susceptibility, they may be associated with clinicopathological aggressiveness at diagnosis, highlighting their potential utility in stratifying CRC severity, particularly in the Taiwanese population.
DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20597
Authors: TE-CHENG YUEH, TAO-WEI KE, JIAQI WANG, YANG DENG, YI-CHIH HUNG, CHENG-WEI HUANG, YU-CHEN CHANG, CHIA-WEN TSAI, WEN-SHIN CHANG, JIAN GU, DA-TIAN BAU
Institutions: Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, National Defense Medical Center, China Medical University, China Medical University Hospital, Tongji University, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Yangpu Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Ruijin Hospital, Asia University
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7166524484
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