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A case of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis caused by Rhodococcus pyridinivorans

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Rhodococcus infections are exceedingly rare and largely reported in immunocompromised hosts, with no consensus on optimal therapy due to limited evidence. CASE PRESENTATION: This article reports for the first time a case of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis caused by Rhodococcus pyridinivorans in a patient with diabetic nephropathy. The dialysate leukocyte count declined substantially with combination antimicrobial therapy, but complete normalization occurred only after replacing icodextrin with a glucose-based dialysate. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the use of combination regimens and emphasize the need to consider icodextrin-associated sterile peritonitis when dialysate abnormalities persist despite appropriate antimicrobial treatment.

Source: BMC Infectious Diseases

DOI: 10.1186/s12879-026-13886-3

Authors: Wenjuan Lei, Chuishun Yang, Zhen Yang, Xingli Cai, Jun Zhou

Institution: Haikou City People's Hospital

Language: English

Topic: Dialysis and Renal Disease Management

Subfield: Nephrology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,090