Work

Strategic selection of multi-parametric laser settings and clinical endpoints in dermatology: an engineering-to-clinical review

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Selective photothermolysis, which enables precise targeting of melanin, hemoglobin, and water, is the foundation for modern dermatologic laser therapy. This review bridges laser physics with clinical practice by organizing systems on the basis of spectral domain and indication: Q-switched and picosecond lasers for tattoos and lentigines; pulsed-dye and long-pulsed neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers for vascular lesions; alexandrite and diode lasers for hair removal; and fractional ablative (CO₂, erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet [Er:YAG]) and non-ablative platforms for scar revision and rejuvenation. Unlike conventional textbook reviews that merely list device specifications, we specifically define how to dynamically adjust comprehensive parameters not just wavelength, but also pulse duration, fluence, and spot size-in direct response to immediate clinical endpoints observed during treatment. We delineated the selection of parameters-wavelength, pulse duration, fluence, and spot size-in relation to the Fitzpatrick skin type, focusing on cooling, treatment endpoints, and recovery. Current evidence regarding efficacy, recurrence, and complications has been synthesized, and the device parameters have been linked to thermal relaxation and Arrhenius injury kinetics to inform safer evidence-based algorithms and multimodal treatment strategies.

Source: Lasers in Medical Science

DOI: 10.1007/s10103-026-04892-7

Authors: Soobeen Park, Jihee Hyeon, Hongyun So

Institutions: Hanyang University, Jeju National University, Hanyang University Medical Center

Language: English

Topic: Dermatologic Treatments and Research

Subfield: Dermatology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $3,590