Year: 2026
Type: book-chapter
Abstract: Induced demand is usually interpreted as additional capacity reducing generalized cost and producing more travel. When a network exhibits Braess’s paradox, an added link raises user-equilibrium cost, and we would thus expect demand to fall. I show this in Braess’s original four-node numerical network with linear link costs and inverse demand. In the default case, the added link raises elastic equilibrium cost from 70.14 to 80.00 and reduces demand from 3.66 to 3.33. The reported 143-point sweep maps the Braess region in inverse-demand space; no sign-inconsistent cells appear. The accompanying browser implementation reproduces the reported comparison and sweep.
Source: Findings
DOI: 10.32866/001c.162821
Author: David Levinson
Institution: The University of Sydney
Language: English
Subfield: Transportation
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $100
OpenAlex ID: W7166648979