Surgical Outcomes of Extended Curettage and Cementation for Giant Cell Tumors of the Proximal Tibia: A Retrospective Analysis
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Surgical removal of the lesion remains the only curative intent treatment for GCT of the bone.The most common surgical treatment for GCT of the bone is aggressive local curettage, with or without packing the defect with bone cement or bone graft, and internal fixation.More aggressive surgical approaches employing wide resection of the involved bone may be chosen to achieve tumor removal and potentially decrease the risk of local recurrence, at the cost of greater functional compromise.5 IntroductIonGiant cell tumors (GCTs) represent 5% of primary bone tumors.GCT of the bone is a benign but locally aggressive tumor with a relatively high recurrence rate after primary treatment.GCTs mainly occur between the ages of 20 and 40 years. 1 Epiphyseal regions of the long bones are the most commonly affected, especially the distal femur and proximal tibia. 1 Pain is the leading symptom related to the mechanical insufficiency resulting from the bone destruction.A soft tissue mass or bump can occasionally be seen and results from the cortical destruction and tumor progression outside bone.GCT is often found close to the joint; thus limited range of motion is common, joint effusion and synovitis are also possible.At diagnosis, approximately 12% of patients with GCT present with a pathologic fracture.2 Radiologically, GCT of bone has a characteristic radiolucent, geographic appearance with a narrow zone of transition found at the margin of the lesion.This margin, contrary to that of many other benign lesions, lacks a complete sclerotic rim.Typically, there is no visible mineralization within the tumor matrix.The lesion is eccentrically located in the metaphysis of long bones, usually about the subchondral bone.Moreover, it commonly breaks through the cortex.2,3 GCT of bone typically shows as an epiphyseal, eccentric, expansive lytic lesion with a 'soap-bubble' appearance.MRI is useful to assess extracortical spread and intramedullary extension.
Institution: Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute
Language: English
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W7166833798