Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: We report on multiband photometric and spectroscopic observations of SN 2023rve, a nearby Type II supernova (SN II) discovered in galaxy NGC 1097 ( D = 15.4 ± 3.2 Mpc). Nearby SNe II provide constraints on late-stage evolution and progenitor mass loss, in particular the role of circumstellar material (CSM) in shaping SN II observables. SN 2023rve peaks with an absolute V -band magnitude of −17.1 and declines at a rate of 0.90 ± 0.02 mag/50 days during the plateau. The bolometric light curve implies a 56 Ni mass of 0.0064 M ⊙ . Using hydrodynamic light-curve modeling, we infer an intermediate-mass progenitor (∼14–18 M ⊙ ), a low explosion energy of 0.27 × 10 51 erg, and a dense CSM component with radial extent of 2900 R ⊙ and density parameter of 10 18 g cm −1 . This supports growing evidence that enhanced pre-SN mass loss influences the diversity of SNe II. The nebular spectra of SN 2023rve show narrow He i lines and an absence of [O i ] lines unprecedented among Type II SNe. Comparison with other SNe II shows that only two other known objects, both with higher velocities, lack oxygen signatures at similar epochs, <10% of the sample. The lack of oxygen emission combined with low explosion energy, a long plateau, and a small synthesized nickel mass may be consistent with partial fallback of material onto the compact remnant. We also discuss alternative explanations for the suppressed oxygen emission, including dust formation, oxygen–calcium mixing, and ongoing CSM interaction.
Source: The Astrophysical Journal
Authors: Melissa Rosowsky, Stefano Valenti, Aravind P. Ravi, Yize 一泽 Dong 董, Nicolas Meza Retamal, K. Azalee Bostroem, David J. Sand, Griffin Hosseinzadeh, Jeniveve Pearson, Anders Jerkstrand, Darshana Mehta, Jennifer E. Andrews, Moira Andrews, Joseph Farah, Emily Hoang, D. Andrew Howell, Daryl Janzen, Saurabh W. Jha, Michael Lundquist, Curtis McCully, Megan Newsome, Estefania Padilla Gonzalez, Manisha Shrestha, Giacomo Terreran
Institutions: University of California System, Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian, University of Arizona, Stockholm University, International Gemini Observatory, Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, University of Saskatchewan, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, W.M. Keck Observatory, The University of Texas at Austin, Space Telescope Science Institute, Monash University, Adler Planetarium
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $4,499
Awards: Collaborative Research: Studying Nearby Cosmic Explosions from their Earliest Moments, G2318220113, Collaborative Research: The Multimessenger Treasure TROVE, a Tool for Rapid Object Vetting and Examination, Collaborative Research: WoU-MMA: Searches After Gravitational-waves Using Arizona's Observatories (SAGUARO), G2720911013, CDS&E: WoU-MMA: The Treasure Map, Collaborative Research: Studying Nearby Cosmic Explosions from their Earliest Moments, Speeding up the messenger: immediate detection of multimessenger transients with Las Cumbres Observatory, Collaborative Research: Studying Nearby Cosmic Explosions from their Earliest Moments, Establishing a Templeton LSST Early-Career Research Fellowship
OpenAlex ID: W7166886034