Raman's 1st Law: A Hubble-Scale Criterion for Disk Galaxy Stability from z=0 to z=12
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: K = 10^50.6 vs MOND provides decisive evidence on the Jeffreys scale. MOND is ruled out. This work introduces Raman's 1st Law, a zero-free-parameter criterion for disk galaxy stability. Key results: 1. Cosmic Deadline z_crit ≈ 11-12: Explains why JWST finds massive "impossible" galaxies at z>10 while maintaining standard cosmology. Solves the $10 Billion JWST crisis. 2. Merger Physics Solved: The law predicts which galaxies survive as disks vs undergo mergers at high redshift, validated against SPARC, JWST, and ALMA data. 3. Cosmological Origin of a₀: Derives MOND acceleration scale a₀ = 2g_gal(0) ≈ 1.2×10⁻¹⁰ m/s² from first principles with β=1.6 from Toomre Q
Author: Kumar, Raman
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7167015548
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