Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Conical 2-designs are families of semi-positive operators possessing crucial symmetry properties that allow them to efficiently characterize important quantum measures. However, little is known about their general structures and properties. We propose a construction method of conical 2-designs whose elements are not of equal traces, based on a generalization of equiangular weighted frames to non-projective operators. We provide a detailed analysis of their properties, relations to quantum measurements, and applications, together with examples that go beyond the known classes. This constitutes a major step toward a full characterization of informationally overcomplete quantum measurements.
Author: Katarzyna Siudzińska
Institution: Nicolaus Copernicus University
Language: English
Subfield: Artificial Intelligence
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,325
Funder: Narodowym Centrum Nauki
OpenAlex ID: W7167570647