Broadband characterization of polarization mode dispersion for quantum communication channels
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: We present a method for characterizing depolarization in fiber channels carrying broadband polarization-encoded optical signals. Wavelength-dependent polarization mode dispersion maps each input polarization to a trajectory on the Poincaré sphere; we show that the singular value decomposition of the band-averaged rotation matrix yields, in closed form, the optimal input states, the associated mutually unbiased measurement bases, and the resulting projection error probabilities. The three singular values provide a compact, bandwidth-dependent channel signature that distinguishes first- from higher-order dispersion, and yield the bandwidth at which the worst-case error probability reaches 3% as a practical filtering budget. We perform a second-order analysis of the band average that treats the two higher-order mechanisms: variation of the differential group delay at a fixed principal-state axis and wander of that axis with wavelength. We characterize 12 deployed fiber links in Masdar City and demonstrate mitigation by concatenating two channels through a single polarization controller, a step towards nonlocal compensation. The analysis is implemented in an openly available Python library for fiber-channel characterization.
Source: arXiv (Cornell University)
Language: English
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7167633035