Work

Lipoprotein and inflammatory glycoprotein profiles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome alone or in association with type 1 diabetes

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: We aimed to assess the influence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on lipoprotein and inflammatory glycoprotein profiles in women with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and to determine differences between women with T1D and PCOS and women with PCOS alone. In a cross-sectional study, 147 premenopausal women with T1D were recruited from a Diabetes clinic at a tertiary hospital in Madrid, Spain. Women were subgrouped into T1D with PCOS ( n = 30) and without PCOS ( n = 117). Additionally, we compared women with T1D and PCOS ( n = 30) with non-T1D women and normoglycemic PCOS (NGT-PCOS, n = 249), or abnormal glucose tolerance PCOS (AGT-PCOS, n = 44). Lipoprotein and inflammatory glycoproteins were assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-NMRS). We observed no differences regarding lipoprotein and glycoprotein profiles between T1D women with and without PCOS. Women with typical PCOS had higher VLDL-C, VLDL-TG, and VLDL-P, lower HDL-C and smaller LDL than women with T1D and PCOS. Smaller HDL particles were highest in T1D-PCOS. Inflammatory glycoproteins were significantly increased in T1D and PCOS and AGT-PCOS compared to NGT-PCOS. 1 H-NMRS assessment showed that PCOS did not worsen the circulating lipoprotein and inflammatory glycoprotein profiles of T1D women. Among women with PCOS, those with T1D associated the most harmful HDL particle subclasses.

Source: Scientific Reports

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-62157-3