Work

B chromosomes put the ‘super’ in supernumerary

Year: 2026

Type: review

Abstract: In addition to the essential set of chromosomes, individuals can carry supernumerary chromosomes that are not required for normal growth, development, or reproduction. Collectively, these extra chromosomes are called B chromosomes, and modern advances in genomic and cytological technology have accelerated our understanding of their fascinating biology. Here, we provide a brief history of B chromosome research, followed by an examination of their formation and dynamics. We conclude with an outlook on what the novel biology of B chromosomes can teach us and how it can be exploited as important tools for biotechnology, agriculture, and the advancement of human health.

Source: Trends in Genetics

DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.002

Authors: Kaylah B. Samuelson, Stacey L. Hanlon

Institution: University of Connecticut

Language: English

Topic: Chromosomal and Genetic Variations

Subfield: Plant Science

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Domain: Life Sciences

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $7,030

Funders: National Institutes of Health, National Institute of General Medical Sciences