Комплексна Оцінка Технологій Піролізу Аграрної Біомаси: Ефективність, Масштабування Та Охорона Праці
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Summary The purpose of the research is to provide a comprehensive substantiation of the technical and technological parameters of biochar production from agricultural waste through the application of various pyrolysis methods for its further multifunctional use as a soil amendment and raw material for eco-friendly fuel production.The research methodology is based on a comparative engineering analysis of carbonization, slow pyrolysis, and fast pyrolysis technologies, as well as on the assessment of the design parameters of corresponding reactor units and auxiliary equipment for the mechanical processing of carbonaceous product residues, taking into account occupational safety requirements, operating modes, heating rates, and reactor configurations.Results. It was established that the processes of thermochemical conversion of plant biomass differ significantly in the yield of target products depending on temperature conditions. The results of the engineering analysis indicate that the highest yield of solid carbon residue (from 20% to 35% of the initial dry feedstock mass) is ensured by slow pyrolysis and conventional carbonization technologies. The study provides a detailed analysis of the design features and operating principles of ablative (plate and cone-type), tubular, and plasma reactors. It is shown that, for the needs of the agricultural sector, the most appropriate solution is the implementation of slow pyrolysis units (450−700 °C), which enable the production of a stable solid fraction. An engineering solution for product separation is substantiated: medium-fraction biochar is directed toward the reclamation of degraded soils and long-term carbon sequestration, whereas fine-dispersed screenings are proposed to be compacted into fuel briquettes. It has been proven that such briquettes, according to their physicochemical properties, are a highly efficient substitute for charcoal and possess considerable commercial potential for implementation in the hospitality industry, restaurant business, and recreational tourism.Conclusions. The conclusions confirm that scaling pyrolysis technologies at the farm level enables efficient utilization of agricultural residues and production of high-quality soil amendments. Such biochar restores degraded soils, improves moisture retention, and supports long-term carbon sequestration, meeting climate-smart agriculture requirements and creating opportunities for carbon market financing. The practical significance of the work lies in diversifying farm income through the integration of climate-smart farming and renewable energy generation while maintaining occupational safety standards. Keywords: biochar, biomass pyrolysis, agricultural engineering, pyrolysis reactors, soil amendments, carbon sequestration, agricultural waste, occupational and life safety, fuel briquettes for the hospitality industry.
Authors: В. Поліщук, О. Єременко, В. Майданович, А. Кудрявицька, В. Науменко
Language: Ukrainian
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7172194218